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BACKGROUND:Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a common bone disease characterized as high morbidity and poor prognosis,but the pathogenesis is unclear.Oxidative stress treatment is closely related to the occurrence and development of SONFH,and has tremendous potential in the treatment of SONFH,which can be realized by Nano-Se.OBJECTIVE:To observe the protective effect of porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite on chondrocytes by antioxidant stress,and to further explore its mechanism of protection and treatment of SONFH.METHODS:(1) In vitro experiment:The rat chondrocytes were isolated,cultured and identified.Then,the chondrocytes were cultured with porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite to suppress the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).(2) In vivo experiment:A total of 36 rats were randomly divided into three groups.Steroid-induced group and experimental group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide and intramuscular injection of methylprednisolone to induce SON FH models.Seven days after modeling,the experimental group was intraperitoneally injected with porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite.No intervention was done in control group (blank control).At 8 weeks after modeling,rat bilateral femoral heads were taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining and Micro-CT scanning.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Results from the ROS detection and TUNEL apoptosis tests showed that the level of ROS in the chondrocytes was significantly reduced after intervention with Se@SiO2 (P ＜ 0.05).Micro-CT scanning findings showed that the bone mineral density,bone volume,bone area/bone volume,trabecular number,trabecular thickness,and trabecular separation in the steroid-induced and experimental groups were significantly different from those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed smooth femoral head,normal bone cells,chondrocytes and trabecular bone,as well as few empty bone lacunae and fat cells in the control group,while in the steroid-induced group,there was bone trabecular fracture,fat cell hypertrophy fusion,a large number of empty bone lacunae and obvious osteonecrosis.These manifestations were significantly improved in the experimental group.To conclude,the porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite has good antioxidative stress ability,suppresses the ROS production and exerts therapeutic effects on SONFH.
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Objective To analyze the related factors of donor′s donation reaction in first time apheresis platelets to provide a basis for formulating the preventive measures of donation reactions in apheresis platelets.Methods The donation data in 743 cases of first time apheresis platelet in this blood station were retrospectively analyzed,and the factors possible influencing the donation reaction occurrence in donors of the first time apheresis platelet were performed the univariate Logistic regression analysis,then observation indicators with statistical significance were performed the multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,body mass,whole blood donation history were the influencing factors of donors′ donation reaction in the first time apheresis platelets.In multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the main factors were age (OR=0.301,P<0.05),body mass (OR=0.411,P<0.05)and whole blood donation history(OR=0.441,P<0.05).Conclusion Age,body mass and whole blood donation history are the main influencing factors of donors′ donation reactions in the first time apheresis platelets.
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Objective To develop a HPLC method for determining the dissolution of desogestrel and ethinylestradiol tablets. Methods The dissolution was determined by the second method described in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(ChP)2015. In total 500 ml of 0.05%sodium lauryl sulfate solution was used as dissolution media,and the rotation speed was 50 r/min. The dissolution time was 30 min and the dissolution was determined by HPLC. The HPLC column was Agilent SB C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm). The mobile phase:acetonitrile as mobile phase A,acetonitrile-water(50∶50,V/V)as mobile phase B with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 ml/min. The detection wavelength of desogestrel and ethinylestradiol was 210 nm. The column temperature was 40℃and the injection volume was 100μl. Results The average recoveries were 99.68%for desogestrel and 99.40%for ethinylestrsdiol,and the stability of work?ing solutions was acceptable in 12 h. The calibration curves were linear within the range of(0.06-0.36)μg/ml(r=0.9999)for desoges?trel,(0.012-0.072)μg/ml(r=0.9999)for ethinylestradiol,respectively. Conclusion The method is convenient and precise in the dis?solution determination of desogestrel and ethinylestradiol tablets.
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Objective To investigate the expression of type Ⅱ collagen in the articular chondrocyte of osteoarthritis (OA) patients and normal human. Methods The samples of articular cartilage were obtained from the patients undergoing total joint replacement, including 8 primary OA patients, 8 secondary OA patients and 9 normal subjects. Type Ⅱ collagen expression in chondrocyte was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The expressin of type Ⅱ collagen mRNA in normal OA group was higher than that in primary OA group and secondary OA group with a statistical difference (P=0.014), while there was no statistical difference between primary OA group and secondary OA group(P=0.716). Conclusions The reduction of type Ⅱ collagen expression leads to the change of collagen directly and possibly plays an important role in OA, which is the common pathway of the occurrence of both the primary and secondary OA.
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Objective: α-asarone is a major effective component that can be isolated from Acorus tatarinowii Schott,a Chinese herbal medicine. Clinical investigations have shown that α-asarone has strong sedative and anti-convulsive action in the central nervous system. In recent years, several medicines containing a-asarone were applied in treatment of asthma, bronchitis, expectorant, or epilepsy. However, the underlying cellular mechanism of ct-asarone is still unknown. Here the authors considered EAAC1, the transporter for the excitatory glutamate, as a possible target. Methods: Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction and silica gel column chromatography were used to obtain ct-asarone from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii Schott. Xenopus oocytes with heterologously expressed EAAC 1 were used as a model system. Rate of glutamate uptake was measured by means of isotopic tracer technique. Glutamate-induced current was recorded under two-electrode voltage clamp. 40μg/mL of ct-asarone was used for testing its effect on EAAC1 activity. Results: ct-asarone induced a slight, but still significant stimulation of rate of glutamate uptake by 15%. In contrast, EAACl-mediated current became reduced (by 30% at -100 mV). Since EAAC 1 can operate in transport and also in an ion-channel mode, the result indicates strong inhibition of the channel mode. This inhibition is voltage-dependent becoming larger at more negative potentials. Conclusion: The stimulation of glutamate uptake reduces glutamate concentration in the synaptic cleft and, hence, reduces excitatory synaptic activity. The inhibition on the ion-channel mode stabilizes the membrane potential, and therefore, also contributes to reduced excitatory activity.
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Objective To analyze the risk factors of clinically overt hemorrhagic cystitis(HC)(grade ≥Ⅱ) in 114 patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT) to predict the occurrence of HC.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 29 cases of clinically overt HC from a series of 114 patients subject to allo-HSCT from April 1997 to December 2004.The time of follow-up began from the day of initiating conditioning to day 180 post-transplant.The 11 clinical parameters were selected for univariate analysis using a Cox regression: age,sex,underlying disease,conditioning regimen,disease status at transplant,aGVHD,donor type,use of ATG,GVHD prophylaxis,platelet and neutrophil engraftment.Factors that were significant at the 0.1 level on univariate analysis were evaluated by multivariate analysis using a Cox regression.The cumulative incidence of grade ≥Ⅱ HC within the day 180 after transplantation was calculated by the method of Kaplan and Meier.Results Twenty-nine out of 114 patients(26 %) developed HC with grade Ⅱ in 12/29 cases(41.4 %),grade Ⅲ in 11/29 cases(37.9 %) and grade Ⅳ in 6/29 cases(20.7 %).The following factors were associated with an increased risk of HC by univariate analysis: male gender(RR=2.885,P=0.021),younger than 26 years(RR=3.265,P=0.002),gradeⅢ～Ⅳ aGVHD(RR=4.039,P=0.002),unrelated donor(RR=4.347,P=0.000),intense GVHD prophylaxis(RR=2.218,P=0.045),advanced disease(RR=2.668,P=0.009).These risk factors were entered into a multivariate model.Only male gender(RR=2.993,95 % CI 1.218-7.358;P=0.017) and unrelated donor(RR=4.478,95 % CI 2.049-9.786;P=0.000) were identified as being significantly associated with the occurrence of HC.Conclusion In multivariate analysis,patients were at increased risk of HC if they were male or had received grafts from unrelated donors.